Fars province with 120000 square kilometer, has near 7.5 percent of Iran’s soil and is the Forth province in terms of great extent. This province, from north has a border with Esfahan and Yazd, from west with Boshehr and Kohkilooyeh Boyer Ahmad, from south with Hormozgan province and from east is neigh boar with Kerman province. Fars province has 94 towns and embedded near five million people of Iran’s population in itself. The legendary city of Shiraz is the center of this province.
History
The name of Fars has been mentioned both in Ashuri petroglyph and in Bistoon’s Achaemenian petroglyph. Pars (Fars) is the name of one of three groups of Arian people who came to Iran land near 11000 years ago. That’s enough that Iran country and Persian Gulf and Farsi language are called by this glorious name. Fars land position in Iran’s history more and before other are get involved with the first origin and Iran’s greatest kingdom, Achaemenian and Kourosh the great father of Iran and the first founder of human rights.
Fars province has many relics and historical and also many promenades: Pasargad complex and Parseh and Sasanian landscapes. Sasanian cluadrouples, Naghareh khane hill and chanbar plain in frashband, Sasanian fire temple and Ghomp, Golion plain and forty- springs (chehel- cheshmeh) esplanade in Fasa, Dokhtar castle, Ardeshir fire temple and Meymand flower gardens in Firooz Abad, Bishapoor, Eshkeft Shapoor, Abgineh bridge and mian kotal espbrade in Kazeroon, Historical gardens of Eram, Ilkhani, Haft-tanan, Jahan-Nama, Pelgosha, Soltan Abad, Songhori, Qauam, Golshan, Nazar, Afif Abad. In the meantime, Shiraz city, it has another story. Every corner is a garden Iranian History culture and art.
Geography and Geometry
The most extent of Zagros range with Limestone and calcium carbonate create Fars province mountain structure which include 10 percent of its soil. Mountains like Koohe Sefid (The White Mountain) with 3950 meters are the heights of this province. In middle and western parts of Fars province, alluvial plains exist. Also, in south and east of this province, about 15 percent of this land include deserts.
The mild weather of this province is famous and the best time for travel and tourism to Fars is Ordibehesht (May). This land is the passage for three weathers: Mediterranean, Sudanese and Saudi Arabia salty water lakes of Fars, include Maharloo, Bakhtegan, Tashk and Hirem and Fresh water lakes include Parishan, Arzhan lagoon, Barm Shoor, Kaftar, Haft barm, Rood bal and Doroodzan. Fars province forests include near 18 percent of this province’s soil and species like lotus, oak, cork, hawthorn, local pear, Aras, peanut and local fig grow there. Fars province pastures with plant covers like Artemisia, Gaz, Astragalus, Spandex, Local spinach, Acanthus, Tragacanth, Jashir, Licorice, pruritus, Fumitory and Chubak have the fourth place of Cultivation of medical plants and fourth area of the country. Preserved and no prey lands of Fars province are Bemo with 48000 hectares, BAkhtegan with 160000, Bahram Gour with 40000, Ghatroyeh with 58000 hectares and Bostanak, Fasa, Margoon and Arzhan. Animal cover of this province include Brown Bear province has the highest number of salt domes, especially in Larestan and Lamerd.
Industries
The industries of Fars province are agriculture, Livestock, Petrochemical, Steel, Gaz, Oil, Automotive, which has 46 industrial zone substructure. Also, near thirty minerals of 332 minerals to the extent of more than one tonne a year are harvested. Handicrafts of this province are carpet, Gabbe, Gi-veh, Jajim, Boria weaving. They also include inlay, Silver work, Etching, Wood cut, Glass work, Building seven color tiles, pottery, ceramics, Mirror work, Tile making, Plaster and making GGBG dolls.
Culture and Anthropology
Fars province nomads are Tork, Lor and Arab people which in tribes like Qashqaii, Baseri, Khamseh, Baharloo, Mamasani, Kooh mareh and other include 32 percent of number of the province’s people. Apart from patriotic celebrations like Nowrooz which is widespread around Iran, there are different ceremonies like wooden dance, Darmaro dance, Koosagalin pray for Rain, outfit taking, Hand kissing and orange tree wedding. In Fars province, the people play hornpipe, horn, timpani, drum, reed, Sarkoohi vocals chord, shepherd plain songs, Sarbooni, Vasoonak and other local music parts of Fars province. From common games of Fars province, Shiraz’ Azange shir, Kazeroon’s Atal Matal, Abadeh’ grape game, Shiraz’s bandak sargou, Abargho’s Jou-be-Jou, Larestan’s scaffold game, Mamasani sek sokna and Neyriz’s Flower of tote can be mentioned. Local food which are cooked in this province are Kardeh and vegetables pottages, Shirazi cabbage and rice, peach dumplings, plum-two onions, vegetables dumpling, lentil and rice, Sugar polo (rice), pomegranate pottage, pea Yakhni, Burnt almonds, quincunx pot yeast, tomato paste polo, lentil-cabbage Yakhni, Sugar cheese, eggplant Halim, Hai Badam (almond), Mahyabeh, Bowl Halva, Flour and oil curement, Yougurt Pottage, Sheep foot and rice, Ab-piazak and Sweets like Ranginak, Rice Gamok, pea cookies, sweet bread, Fasai bread and Shirazi Faludeh.
Language
The common Dari Farsi which have roots in Pahlavi and midde Farsi are common in this province, too. Dialects of this province are Marvdashti, Lari, Lori Mohseni, Koohmareii Qashqaii and Lori.